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The Bulgarians descend from the Bulgars, who established in the area around the period of the 7th century.

There are many aspects of Bulgarian culture that show Turkish influence, especially in the clothing, architecture and music, Bulgaria, is divided into two parts by the east-west chain of the Balkan Mountains, called the Bulgarians Stara Planina (Old Mountains) they rise to more than 7,000 feet in places and have rounded tops, to the south the mountains follow along side the range of the Sredna Gora (Central Forest).

One third of the country is covered by forest, much of it beech and oak. Coniferous trees, such as pine, fir, and spruce they grow mainly on the southwest slopes of the Rhodope and Rila mountains forming the boundary with Greece, the Danube lowland and the Thracian Plain, are the only other lowlands along the Black Sea coast to the west, around the capital city of Sofia.  

The two ranges are separated by the Tundzha River the broad valley of the Maritsa River is one of the best areas in Bulgaria for farming. Bulgaria's major river is the 1,750-mile (2,800-kilometer) Danube, which forms the border with Romania. The longest river originating in Bulgaria is the Maritsa. Other major rivers are the Iskur, Tundzha, and Struma, the flow of many Bulgarian rivers changes with some of the rivers drying up by the end of the summer.

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